Electric Circuits

Battery Symbol

Electrical systems consist of a variety of components. In this section we will learn how batteries are used in electric circuits.

The battery symbol consists of two parallel lines. One line is shorter than the other. The longer line is represents the positive side – it is called the anode. Sometimes we put a small “+” sign next to the anode side as well.

The shorter line represents the negative side – it is called the cathode. Sometimes we put a small “-“ beside the cathode side.

The cathode side is called negative side, because internally electrons flow to this side – giving it a negative charge. Therefore, internally, electrons flow from the anode to the cathode. It is important for you to note that, because in the next section we will describe how “current” is conventionally said to flow opposite to the flow of electrons.

A battery is characterized by a certain voltage. The voltage rating of a battery is noted next to the battery. For example a battery may have a voltage rating of 6V or 12V, etc.